the force of this virtue is to embrace vigorously and rigorously the gospel truth disclosed by God in Christ Jesus.17 Augustine writes that “if our faith involves no lie, then we do not love that which is not to be loved, and living justly, we hope for that which will in no way deceive our hope” (On Christian Doctrine 1.40–44). In the Pastoral Epistles, what conforms to “the glorious gospel of the blessed God” (1:11) in life and doctrine is considered theologically “healthy” (1:10: ὑγιαινούσῃ,